Carboxylic acids are organic compounds containing the functional group –COOH (carboxyl group), which consists of a carbonyl (C=O) and a hydroxyl (–OH) group attached to the same carbon atom. They are weak acids that donate protons in aqueous solutions, forming carboxylate ions. Common examples include acetic acid and citric acid. Carboxylic acids are essential in metabolism, polymer synthesis, and pharmaceuticals.
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